When NASA's Artemis II mission launched on April 1, its success relied on a "complex and critical supply chain" managed by the Defense Logistics Agency Energy, said the U.S. Department of Defense in an April 6 statement.

DLA Energy provided more than 21,000 pounds of highly specialized propellants essential for the Orion spacecraft's historic flight, sending humans on a journey around the moon for the first time in more than 50 years. The DoD said the achievement was the result of a multi-layered logistical operation that demanded a high degree of precision to ensure the safety of the four-person crew. 

The agency was tasked with managing volatile, toxic and highly pure fuels where there was no margin for error. The specific propellants included monomethyl hydrazine, dinitrogen tetroxide and high-purity hydrazine. 

The propellant's journey began with highly detailed technical requirements from NASA. DLA Energy's aerospace energy team then engaged a niche industrial base and oversaw production, with quality assurance specialists on-site.

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The aerospace energy team, in partnership with the Air Force and NASA labs, used techniques such as gas chromatography to search for impurities down to the parts-per-million level. They conducted independent verification and stability testing to ensure the fuel was as pure as possible. 

This complex process proved its resilience when initial launch preparations were delayed by fuel leaks and technical issues, forcing the rocket back to the vehicle assembly building in February, the DoD statement said.