These are the findings of a paper by Capt. Samrat Ghosh and Trudi Hogg of the Australian Maritime College at the University of Tasmania. They conclude that belief in the reliability of fully autonomous vessels is unrealistic.

"It is proclaimed that the incidence of human error will be significantly decreased on the unmanned merchant ship," Ghosh says. "However, the onboard technology requires calibration and maintenance by humans and the vessel requires constant monitoring from a shore control room where operators will be interpreting, absorbing and acting on information sent from the ship. Human error risks are not eliminated and the unmanned vessel will face new challenges for safe operation and monitoring, as shore operators seek to obtain awareness of the vessel and its surrounds."

Ghosh says that even though the technical concepts for unmanned vessel operation are well established, studies on human interaction with the systems are not as prevalent. The maritime and seafaring industry require further evidence of the validation of the technology before the long-term effects of fully automated vessels can be measured, he says.

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