When Volvo Car Group broke ground on its first U.S. assembly plant in 2015, it was a proud proof point for the Swedish automaker’s rebound and global expansion, not a chess move in anticipation of a possible trade war.

U.S. businesses are spending more on transportation and warehousing as demand and prices for logistics services increase.

President Trump imposed tariffs Friday on $50bn in ­Chinese products, signaling his willingness to unwind nearly a ­quarter-century of growing commercial links between the world’s two largest economies unless Beijing agrees to transform the way it conducts business.

After nearly eight years of starts, stops and delays, the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) has finally implemented its much-debated Air Cargo Advanced Screening (ACAS) program — requiring all carriers of commercial cargo to report electronic airfreight data to U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) before the cargo is loaded onto aircraft bound for the states.

The International Monetary Fund is warning that U.S. President Donald Trump’s new import tariffs threaten to undermine the global trading system, prompt retaliation by other countries and damage the U.S. economy.

The European commission has said the “simply unacceptable” imposition of high tariffs by the U.S. on Spanish olives is already having a major effect on producers in southern Spain.